1. (D) Abscisic acid
2. Grey matter: The part of the brain and the spinal cord where the cell body of neurons and non - myelinated neurons are present is called grey matter.
White matter: The part of the brain and the spinal cord where myelinated neurons are present is called white matter.
3. (b)
4. Bombycol. Organisms and pheromones.
5. Continuous and irregular flow of electric charges in the brain.
6. 2, 4 - D
7.
Through body fluids.
From HIV infected mother to foetus.
Through premarital or extra marital sexual contact.
By sharing the needle and syringe used by AIDS patients.
8. (a) - (ii) - (3), (b) - (i) - (2)
9. (a) Carries impulses to the spinal cord.
(b) Generates quick responses according to the sensory impulses.
10. (a) Cataract
(b) Blindness resulting from the lens of the eye becoming opaque.
11. I do not agree to the statement. When a foreign antigen reaches one’s blood, it stimulates defense activity. As a result, the antigen present in the received blood and the antibody in the recipient’s blood will react with each other and form a blood clot. Hence everyone cannot receive blood from all blood groups.
12. The particles of substances causing smell enter the nostrils along with the inhaled air → The particles dissolve in the mucus inside the nostrils → The olfactory receptors are stimulated → Impulses are generated → Impulses reach the cerebrum through olfactory nerve → Smell is felt.
13. It accelerates the dropping of fruits. So it is used for harvesting fruits at the same time.
14. (a) Sickle cell anaemia
(b) The defect of genes may cause deformities in the sequencing of amino acids which are the building blocks of haemoglobin. As a result, the structure of haemoglobin changes.
(c) The oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells decreases. The RBCs in the shape of sickle aggregate in the blood vessels and block the flow of blood.
15. Antibodies destroy germs in three ways. They destroy bacteria by disintegrating their cell membrane. They neutralise the toxin of the antigens. They destroy pathogens by stimulating other white blood cells.
16. A- These movements create movements of the sensory hair cells and generate impulses.
B -The impulses are transmitted by the vestibular nerves to the cerebellum.
C- The cerebellum enables muscular movements to maintain equilibrium.
17. (a) Neuron
b. A-Axon; It carries impulses from the cell body of the neuron to outside. It is the longest filament from the cell body.
c. B- Synaptic knob; Secretes neuro trans- mitter.
18. a - Killed germs; b- Hepatitis B;
c- Neutralised toxins
19.
20. a. Thyroxine; Thyroid gland
b. $ Raises the rate of metabolism
$ Regulates growth in children.
$ Increases energy production.
$ Accelerate the growth and development of the brain in the foetal and infancy stages.
c. Cretinism
Symptoms : Low metabolic rate, sluggishness, sleeplessness, Increase in body weight, Hypertension, Oedema.
21. a. Coconut; Fungus
b. Blight - Rice
Wilt - Brinjal
c. Brinjal
22.
2. Grey matter: The part of the brain and the spinal cord where the cell body of neurons and non - myelinated neurons are present is called grey matter.
White matter: The part of the brain and the spinal cord where myelinated neurons are present is called white matter.
3. (b)
4. Bombycol. Organisms and pheromones.
5. Continuous and irregular flow of electric charges in the brain.
6. 2, 4 - D
7.
Through body fluids.
From HIV infected mother to foetus.
Through premarital or extra marital sexual contact.
By sharing the needle and syringe used by AIDS patients.
8. (a) - (ii) - (3), (b) - (i) - (2)
9. (a) Carries impulses to the spinal cord.
(b) Generates quick responses according to the sensory impulses.
10. (a) Cataract
(b) Blindness resulting from the lens of the eye becoming opaque.
11. I do not agree to the statement. When a foreign antigen reaches one’s blood, it stimulates defense activity. As a result, the antigen present in the received blood and the antibody in the recipient’s blood will react with each other and form a blood clot. Hence everyone cannot receive blood from all blood groups.
12. The particles of substances causing smell enter the nostrils along with the inhaled air → The particles dissolve in the mucus inside the nostrils → The olfactory receptors are stimulated → Impulses are generated → Impulses reach the cerebrum through olfactory nerve → Smell is felt.
13. It accelerates the dropping of fruits. So it is used for harvesting fruits at the same time.
14. (a) Sickle cell anaemia
(b) The defect of genes may cause deformities in the sequencing of amino acids which are the building blocks of haemoglobin. As a result, the structure of haemoglobin changes.
(c) The oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells decreases. The RBCs in the shape of sickle aggregate in the blood vessels and block the flow of blood.
15. Antibodies destroy germs in three ways. They destroy bacteria by disintegrating their cell membrane. They neutralise the toxin of the antigens. They destroy pathogens by stimulating other white blood cells.
16. A- These movements create movements of the sensory hair cells and generate impulses.
B -The impulses are transmitted by the vestibular nerves to the cerebellum.
C- The cerebellum enables muscular movements to maintain equilibrium.
17. (a) Neuron
b. A-Axon; It carries impulses from the cell body of the neuron to outside. It is the longest filament from the cell body.
c. B- Synaptic knob; Secretes neuro trans- mitter.
18. a - Killed germs; b- Hepatitis B;
c- Neutralised toxins
19.
b. $ Raises the rate of metabolism
$ Regulates growth in children.
$ Increases energy production.
$ Accelerate the growth and development of the brain in the foetal and infancy stages.
c. Cretinism
Symptoms : Low metabolic rate, sluggishness, sleeplessness, Increase in body weight, Hypertension, Oedema.
21. a. Coconut; Fungus
b. Blight - Rice
Wilt - Brinjal
c. Brinjal
22.
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